Planing machine



F. H. JENNINGS PLANING MACHINE May 7, 1935.

6 Shets-Sheet 1 Filed May 5, 1933 INVENTOR fl. JZNIVIN5 BY ATTORNEYS F.H. JENNINGS PLANING MACHINE May 7, 1935.

Filed May 5, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR FRANK. H. JZ'NN/NfS ATTO RNEYS PLANING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1953 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR FkA/VKfl. Jbv/w/vys ATTO RN EYS May 7, 1935.

F. H. JEN NINGS PLANING MACHINE Filed' May 5, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 4ATTORNEY6 F. H. JENNINGS PLANING MACHINE May 7, 1935.

Filed May 5, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 W W 1111 l A r J H 3 0 M m \Q 3 Q &

May 7, 1935. F. H. JENNINGS PLANING MACHINE Filed May 5, 1935 6'Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR fkAA/K' H .7ZW/V/A/45 ATTORNEYS Patented May 7,1935 PLANING PATENT OFFICE Frank H. Jennings, Akron, Ohio, assignor toNational Rubber Machinery Company, Akron, Ohio, a corporation of OhioApplication Ma 5, 1933, Serial No. 669,468

Claims.

- J This invention relates to planing machines such as arelusedv in themetal-working industry, and the chief object of the invention is toprovide an improved machine of the character mentioned 5 capable ofplaning or smoothing non-planar surfaces. More especially the inventionaims to provide planing apparatus .capable of planing surfaces that areconvex or concave longitudinally, or transversely, or both; and toprovide for planing work having a curved or oblique marginal contour.Other objects will be manifest as the specification proceeds.

Of the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a planing machineembodying the inventionin its preferred form, and the work therein; I o Figure 2 is afragmentary front elevation thereof, on a larger scale, as viewed fromthe right of F e a .t

7 Figure 3 is a fragmentary rear elevation thereof, on the same scaleasFigure 2; r v H Figurel is asection on the line 44 of Figure 2; I Figure5 is a section on the line55 of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a plan view of the work; and r Figure 7 is asection on theline 1-7 of Figure 4.

B,eferring to the drawings, the planing machineembodyingthe inventioncomprises a bed Illhaving its top formed with the usual slideways I I,II for a longitudinally reciprocable table I2, .the latter carrying thework I3 that is secured to the table by clamps I4, I4. The under side ofthe table I2 is provided with a longitudinally extendingrack l5 that ismeshed with a driving pinion I6, Figures 2 and 3, the latter beingdriven from the main drive shaft II of Figure 1' of the machine. Themain drive shaft I1 is belt-driven in the usual manner (not shown) andis provided fwith'the usual reversing mechanism (not shown) whereby its'direction of rotation periodically is reversed'as the reciprocabletable I2 periodically reaches the respective ends of its range ofmovement;

Near one end of the machine," at each side thereof, is an uprightsupport 20, 20, and extending from one of said supports to the other,above the table [2, is a main cross slide 2 I, that is conunison, theupper ends thereof, on top ofsupports 26, are provided with respectivebevel gears 25 that mesh with bevel gears 26, 26 mounted upon atransverse shaft 21, and one end of the latter is provided with a gear28 that is meshed with an 5 idler pinion 29 that is meshed with adriving gear 30. The gear 30 is mounted upon one end of a short shaft 3|that is journaled in a suitable bracket 32 on top of one of the supports20, the other end of shaft 3| being provided with a drlv- 10 ing pulley33 connected by a belt 34 with a suitable source of power (not shown).1The usual clutch mechanism (not shown) is provided with the drivingmechanism just described so that the main cross slide may be raised orlowered, upon 15 occasion, as desired.

Secured to the cross slide2| near the respec tive ends thereof arevertical brackets 36, 36, each of which has its front face formed with avertical dovetail slideway 31 for a slide 38 thereon, 20

the slides 38 being connected at their upper ends by a plate39 having acam slot 40 formed therein.

As is most clearly shown in Figure 7, the brackets 36 are formed withaligned journal bearings for a horizontal shaft 4|, and mounted upon the25 latter, interiorly of each bracket 36, are respective double-threadgear worms 42, 42. Each of the worms 42 performs a similar function so adescription of one will suffice for both, attention being especiallydirected to Figure 4.

Meshed'with worm 42 are worm gears 43,.43 that are mounted uponhorizontal shafts 44', 44 that are journaled in the bracket. 36, aboveand below the shaft 4| and 'transverselywithrelation ;thereto.The'front. end of each. shaft 44 5 extends through a relatively largeorifice 45 in the slide 38, and is provided with a cam 46 that engages acam-roller 41. The latter is journalled on a short shaft 48 carried by,the slide 38 and a yoke 49 secured on the front of said 4 slide. Thecams 46 are complemental cams, the arrangement being, such that rotationof the cams raises and/or lowers the slides 38 as a unit.

It is this" movement of the slides 38 that causes the machine to; plane;asurface that is longitu- 45 dinally curved, as-subsequently will bedescribed.

At one side of the machine,- the left side as viewed in ,Figures 2 and'7 and the near side as viewed in Figure 1, a change gear bracket, 5| issecured to the rear side of main cross slide 2|, 50 a part of saidbracket constituting a journal for that end of shaft 4|. ,The latterextends through bracket 5| and is provided thereat with agear 52 ,thatismeshed with an idler'pinion 53,that in turn is meshcdwith driving gear54. yThe idler 55 the compound slide.

in the bracket 5|, and'said sleeve is splined-on. a vertical shaft 60,the arrangement being such that the gear 58 will be drivennotwithstanding change of elevation of the main cross slide 2|.

At its lower end the shaft 60 is journaled in a bracket 6|, and isprovided with a bevel gear 62 that is meshed with a bevel gear 63 on acounter shaft 64. The counter shaft 84 also carries a gear 65 that ismeshed with a gear 36 onthe main drive shaft I1, and since the latterperiodically reverses its direction of rotation during the operation ofthe machine, the shaft 4| will similarly reverse. The'ratio of thegearing between the'main drive shaft I1 and the cams 49 is such thatsaid cams make something less; than one revolution'during the intervalthat the table i2 moves from one end of the bed l to the other.

Slidably mounted upon the front of the main c'ross slide 2|,intermediate the ends thereof, is

a saddle 61,.the front face of which is formed with a vertical dovetailguide 68 to receive a slide 69 thereon, the said slide 69 being formedat its upper end with a forked extension I0 that straddles the plate 39,and carries a cam roller I I that is disposed within the cam slot 40.Mounted upon the front of the slide 69 is a compound slide 12 that isformed with a dowel'IS, Figure 5, registering with an aperture 14 inslide 69, the compound slide being retained on slide 69 by a pluralityof bolts I5, I that have their heads disposed in an annular undercutgroove E5 in slide 69. The groove I6 is concentric with dowel '|3,'thearrangement being such that the com:-

pound slide may be positioned at various angles with'relation to slide59. The front face of the compound slide i2 is formed with a verticaldovetail guide 11 that is longitudinally recessed at its center, and avertically apertured boss l8is formed on the compound slide abovesaidrecess.

A tool slide 80 is slidably mounted on the dovetail guide ll of thecompound slide 12, and carries a bevel-gear 8| that is threaded onto athreaded spindle 82 that is disposed between the tool slide and compoundslide, being fixedly secured at its upper end in boss 18. Meshed withgear 8| is a bevel gear 83 that has an elongate stem journaled in asuitable bearing structure 84 projecting from the front of the toolslide, said gear stem being provided with a handwheel 85 by which thegears may be rotated to raise and/or lowerthe tool slide with relationto Mounted upon the" front of tool slide 80 is an apron 81, that isarranged for angular ad- -justment by means of a pivot pin 88, Figure 5,

ends. pair of retaining bolts 89, 89 that are threaded into'thetoolslide through an arcuate slot 90 in said apron, said slot beingconcentric with said pivot pin. Pivotally mounted upon a horizontalpivot pin 9| on the apron '81 is a clapper block 92, and-retained on thefront of the latter by suitable clamps 93, 93 is a cutting tool'94. Thearrangement of the clapper block is such-that the work I3 passes freelyunder the tool 94 during the return or inoperative movement of the tableI2.

An important feature of the present invention is the provision of meansfor planing work having an oblique or curved marginal contour. Thisfunction of the machine is accomplished automatically by moving the toollaterally during each cutting movement of the work-carrying table. Tothis end the saddle 61 is constructed so as to embrace a portion of theshaft 4|, and splined upon that portion of said shaft is a single-threadgear worm 96. Meshed with worm .961 is a worm gear 91 that is mountedupon a shaft 98 that is journaled in the saddle 61, below the shaft 4|and transversely with relation thereto. The rear end of shaft 98projects beyond its bearing and is provided with a cam 99.

Thecam 99 is engaged at two diametrically opposite points on itsperiphery by cam followers consisting of rollers I09, I00 that arejournaled on respectivearms of a bracket |0|, and-the latter ispivotally mounted at I02 upon a slide I03 that is slidably mounted in aguide I04 that is mounted upon the top of main cross slide 2|. Setscrews I25, I25 normally hold the bracket |0| in the operative positionshown on the slide I03. The gear-ratio controlling the cam shaft 98 issuch that the cam 99 makes somewhat less than one revolution during eachcutting movement of the table It, and returns to point of startingduring the return movement of said table. Since the cam followers occupyfixed positions, rotation of the cam causes lateral movement of thesaddle 61 and tool 94 carried thereby whereby arcuate or oblique planingis accomplished. If it should be desirable, upon, occasion, to operatethe machine without effecting lateral movement of the tool 94 during thecutting operation, the cam 99 may be removed, and by removing set screwsI25 the bracket |0| may be tilted rearwardly to a position at 90 to thatshown, whereby it will not interfere with periodic indexing of thecutting tool intermediate each cutting operation.

The guide I04 is provided with end brackets I05, I05 and carried thereinis a screw I06 that threads through the slide I03. At one end the screw:M6 is provided with a gear I01 that is meshed with a gear I08 on the endof an operating rod I09, the latter being journaled in a bracket I05,and in a bracket ||0 secured to one end of the main cross slide 2|. Thearrangement is such that manual rotation of rod |09 moves the slide I03along guide I04. For looking the slide I03 in fixed position on guideI04, there is a tapered gib I||, Figures 5 and 7, between theinterfitting dovetail portions of the said slide and guide, said gibbeing provided with an operating rod i 2 that is connected to one arm tomove the tool laterally during the cutting operation, and the cam 99 istherefore removed, the following means is provided for indexing the toollaterally bet'weencutting operations. A screw IIB extends from end toend of the main cross slide 2|, being threaded through a nut III that issecured to the rear face of the saddle 61 (see Figure 5). As is shown inbroken lines in Figure 2, one end of screw I I6 extends freely throughthe end wall of cross slide 2| and is provided with a removable collarH8. The other end of said screw extends freely through the other endwall of the said slide, and is provided with a gear I I9, Figure 7, thatmeshes with one of the gears. I20, l2! for driving the screw H6 in theusual manner, intermittently to index the cutting tool between cuttingoperations. When the tool is to be moved laterally during cutting, andis under control of cam 99, the screw I I6 is in the position shown infull lines in Figure 2, its'left end being withdrawn some distance fromits bearing in the cross slide, and the gear on its right end being outof engagement with the gears H9, I20. In this position the screw movesfreely with the movement of the tool.

In the operation of the machine, the work I3 is clamped to the table l2in the usual manner, and the proper cams 46, 39 and 99 are mounted onthe machine to control the planing of the work to proper contour. Themachine is then set in motion and the table l2 reciprocates in the usualmanner to move the work past the cutter 94 in operative relationthereto. 'Ihecams 46, operating in timed relation to the movement of thetable I2, raise or lower the structure comprising slides 38 and camplate 39, and thus raise or lower slide 69 that is connected to thelatter, with the result that the tool 94 is raised or lowered duringeach cutting operation and a longitudinally curved cut is made on thework as is most clearly shown in Figures 1 and 5. The tool 94 is indexedlaterally between cutting operations, and the cam groove 49 in plate 39controls the depth of cut, so that by using the proper cam atransversely curved planing of the work may be effected as is mostclearly shown in Figures 2 and 3.

The function of the cam 99 is to move the tool obliquely during thecutting operation and thus to plane a surface that is oblique to themovement of the work. The work shown in the drawings has such an obliquesurface along only one margin thereof so that this cam may be adjustedso as to be inoperative during a part of the planing operation, in whichcase the tool will be automatically indexed after each cutting stroke bythe screw I [6. When the cam 99 is operative, the screw I l 6 isinoperative and the tool is manually indexed by means of the screw N16.

The machine is mainly automatic in its operation, and is capable ofplaning a large number of intricate shapes. The feature of utilizingcams for effecting the various movements of the tool is advantageous inthat it allows the tool to be moved at varying and non-uniform speeds inany direction, or to dwell in one place if desired, which,

Modification may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of theinvention or the scope of the appended claims, whichare not limitedwholly to the specific construction shown and described.

What is claimed is:

1. In a planing machine, the combination of a' reciprocable table forthe work, a cutting tool for operating upon the work, a movable supportfor said tool, a reversible rotatable shaft driven in timed relation tothe operation of the table, respective cam means controlled by saidshaft for concurrently effecting non-uniform vertical and lateralmovements of the tool support during a cutting operation, and means forindexing the} tool support laterally between successive cuttingoperations whereby each cutting operation is begun at a positionlaterally of the preceding cut.

2. In a planing machine, the combination of a reciprocable table for thework, a tool for operating upon the work, a vertically movable slidecarrying the tool, a laterally movable support for said slide, arotatable cam carried by said support, means for rotating said cam andreversing the same in timed relation to the movement of the table, and astationary camfollower engaging the said cam whereby rotation of thelatter effects lateral movement of the tool support.

3. A combination as defined in claim 2 including means for laterallyindexing the cam follower.

4. In a planing machine, the combination of a reciprocable table for thework, a tool for operating upon the Work, a laterally movable supportupon which the tool is mounted, a rotatable cam carried by said support,means for rotating said cam and reversing the same in timed relation tothe movement of the table, cam rollers engaging said cam, a normallystationary bracket carrying said rollers, a screw threaded through saidbracket, and means for rotating said screw between cutting operations soas to advance the support laterally a determinate distance in onedirection.

5. A combination as defined in claim 4 including means for tilting thecam roller bracket so that the rollers thereon are positioned out oftheir normal operative position.

FRANKH. JENNINGS.

